GMAT语法是GMAT考试中的重点和难点。GMAT语法不同于一般英语语法,这也使得习惯了平时英语语法的中国考生在面临GMAT语法时有种手足无措的感觉。本文接着上文的介绍,为大家总结了常见的GMAT语法总结,虽然知识点有点琐碎,但是都是常考知识点,所以好多东西考生一看就明白。希望小编的总结对大家有所帮助。
语法点总结:
1. 句子结构:
A. RUN-ON
正确结构:SVO, and SVO, and SVO.
SV, V and V.
常见连词:FANBOYS(for, and,nor,but, or,yet,so)
B. 主谓一致
C. 缺少成分(主句,和从句)
缺少主谓宾,甚至主句
D.从句的省略
Although SVO, SVO. OG124
主从句主语相同,从句的主语可以省略;从句谓语当中有be动词,也可以省略。
Although Tom is fat, Tom still eats a lot.
考点:主语还原后发现意思不合逻辑
E. 倒装句OG129
判断的方法:先找主句的谓语动词,然后往前看,是否存在主语,没有就是倒装句了。
Alongside the trail on whichwe ride bike every morning runs a crooked line of rugged old oak trees.
F常见错误结构:OG112
S,XXXX, and VO (XXX表示修饰语)
XXXX, and SVO
since...so; although...but...
2 固定搭配(曼哈顿语法)
huyongxdf@126.com
iwillgmat750
3. 平行结构:
A. 平行固定搭配:要求绝对的平行
not only...but also; neither...nor...
not...but...
B. 除了形式上的平行,更重要的是功能(逻辑意思)的平行:OG37
doing...and done..., SVO.
Using the name of Robert anddressed as a man, Lucy.....
doing和done都是定语修饰主语,所以可以平行
I belive that...and that... 功能相同的从句才可以平行OG137
C. and/but/or 平行标志词,前后结构一定相同OG40
doing and doing; to do and todo
4. 比较结构:
A. 比较的固定搭配:
more than...;like/unlike/different from; the same..as...
B 比较从句:than; as...as...
I am taller than Li Lei (is)
I walk faster than Li Lei does
I walk faster now than (I did) when I was younger
主从句句式绝对対称;比较对象对等;Be动词可省可不省;does可以倒装,放到than后面;主从句什么相同就可以省略什么,所以I did可以省略
有歧义的句子:
I love Li lei more than HanMeimei
两种还原方式:
I love Li Lei more than Han Meimei does
I love Li Lei more than I love Han Meimei
省略后不能有歧义(主句里面有名词宾语的时候,从句一定不能只是一个名词)
C. that/those it/they OG9/125
1)The air of Beijing is drierthan that of Shanghai.
2)The bug grew 3 inches longerthan it did 2 days ago.
that指代的是air这个概念,但是不同所属
it指代的是前面实实在在出现的那个名词
5. 修饰:
A. 从句:1). 名词性从句:主从,表从,同位语从句,宾语从句
2). 形容词性从句:定语从句
3). 副词性从句:状语从句(原因状语,时间状语,地点状语等等)
B. doing/done
Done...,SVO S是done的动作承受者
Brought to the US to receiveeducation, Li Lei....
SVO, done done就近修饰前面的O(有无逗号都一样)
I like the pen, bought by myMum yesterday.
done在句子当中,也是就近修饰前面的名词
I ate the chocolate, made inUS, and the egg.
Doing, SVO S是动作发出者
Walking back home, I bought a car model.
SVO, doing 伴随状语 doing修饰S和V
I walked on the stage,smiling at the audience
结果状语 修饰整个句子
The bullet entered his brain,resulting his death.
S, doing, VO doing 句子当中,修饰主语 OG25
N doing doing就近修饰前面的名词(不能有任何逗号,除了including)OG40
C. 夹心修饰OG104
M1, M2, SVO
S, M1, M2, VO
M2: doing、done、介短 (修饰方向不确定,错的)
M2:which定从 (只能往前修饰,对的)
D. having done/having beendone不能做定语,只能做状语Og70,25
E.介词短语在句末,注意修饰可能有歧义
I stabbed a hooligan with a knife.(有歧义)
(with在句首,句中对的很多,在句末基本都是错的)
F同位语修饰(GMAT喜欢的结构,与which从句碰到,从句基本错的)
1. 名词性同位
2. 重复性同位OG102
3 代词性同位OG100
4概括性同位 OG86
5. 同位语从句
G 独立主格:(高分题)
作用:解释说明
形式:S+adj/N/doing/done/介短
1) The stars are in motion, someof them at tremendous speeds.
2) There are a lot of vendorsand beggars, many of them crying/ poor from rural areas/ many of them ready towin the hearts of passers-by
H. A of B, N(同位语修饰) (OG19/47)
A of B, which(定语从句修饰)
N和which既可以修饰A又可以修饰B,只要意思对就行
I. 名词修饰当中的跳跃修饰:
1). 介词短语修饰名词 OG29
2). 谓语非常短
3). 插入语
4). 平行结构
6. 时态:
a. 客观事实只能用一般现在时
b. 有明确时间状语,时态跟时间状语走
c. 完成时,特别是过去完成时看是否有必要
d.假定型虚拟语气和命令、建议型虚拟语气
1)命令、建议型虚拟语气
dictate, recommend, propose,suggest...
这些动词引导的宾语从句,宾语从句的谓语只能用动词原形
We propose that Li Lei marry Han Meimei
2)假定型虚拟语气
不可能事情的虚拟:ifdid/were....would do
If I had a time machine, Iwould turn back time.
过去事情的虚拟:ifhad done, would have done
If I had married you, I wouldhave regretted for the rest of my life.
虚拟语气倒装:Ifhad/were/should的时候,可将had/were/should提前,if省略
If I were in the office, Iwould pick up the phone= Were I in the office, I would pick up the phone.
IF从句里面一定不能加would/will
7代词
a. this that these those不能单独做主语和宾语
This is my book 错的
This book is mine 对的
宾语包括介词宾语:
without that/among these 错的
b.同一句话中出现多个相同代词,只能指代相同名词
C 处在所有格位子的名词,不能用代词指代
Father's gift,不能用he 指代father
d. 主从句和并列句,主语对应指代OG52
SVO, and SVO
AlthoughSVO, SVO
e尽量避免选带有代词的选项
f没有划线的部分出现代词,优先画出来(尤其是句尾),肯定是考点
一些零零碎碎的语法点:
VAN原则
动词优于形容词,优于名词
抽象名词名词优先用that引导的从句解释(OG117/70/126)
being的用法:
being+短语构成名词结构,做主语或者是宾语的时候是对的 OG100
Being smart is new sexy.
尽量避免使用动名词,多使用动词和名词OG7
sb's doing结构一般都是GMAT不大喜欢的结构
语义上的重复:
expert authority
then later
enable sb to be able to
以上就是常考的GMAT语法总结,希望大家备考过程中多加留意,总结出适合自己的备考方法。更多的GMAT语法重点小编会持续为大家介绍,希望大家能顺利备考GMAT。最后祝大家GMAT考试成功。
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