今天我们来聊一聊Argument高频题目归纳。首先Argument题库里一共有174道题目。听起来就有一种即将崩溃的赶脚，有木有!所以要是每个题目都看完，并且想完思路，要花费非常多的时间和精力。但是作文尤其是GRE的Argument是规律性很强的作文题目。只要抓住其中的主要逻辑错误，那么题目就迎刃而解。但是如果只知道常见的逻辑错误，但是不能很好的融会贯通，遇到题目就束手无策的话也是完全行不通的。那么问题就来了，如何能做到既能减少无谓的付出，又能保证考场上能见到之前准备过的题目呢?高频题目就恰到好处地发挥了这样的用场，下面就给大家介绍Argument题库里面的高频题目，让你在考场上镇定自若，享受“稳稳的幸福”。
从2011年8月至今，最常见的考题包括下列三道题目。
我们先来看第一题：
The following appeared in a letter from a firm providing investment advice for a client.
"Most homes in the northeastern United States, where winters are typically cold, have traditionally used oil as their major fuel for heating. Last heating season that region experienced 90 days with below-normal temperatures, and climate forecasters predict that this weather pattern will continue for several more years. Furthermore, many new homes are being built in the region in response to recent population growth. Because of these trends, we predict an increased demand for heating oil and recommend investment in Consolidated Industries, one of whose major business operations is the retail sale of home heating oil."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
这道题目主要内容为在冬季非常寒冷的美国东北部的房屋，一直都使用传统的油料作为采暖的主要燃料。去年该地区经历了 90 天低于往年平均气温的严寒，并且气象预测家们预测这种天气会持续未来数年。而且，去年由于人口增长，本地建造了很多的房屋。按此趋势，我们预测对于油料的需求将会增加，同时也建议对 CI 公司投资，该公司的主要业务之一就是家用采暖油料的零售。因此作者得出的结论为：我们预测对于油料的需求将会增加，同时也建议对 CI 公司投资。
逻辑错误：
1.低于往年平均气温，我们不知道具体的数字和幅度，没有展示温差有多大。
2.预测家们预测严寒天气会持续，但是结果怎样我们不知道，这种预测的可靠性有多大?
3.先建造的房屋可能和之前的类型不一样，不一定也需求传统的油料。
4.CI公司的效益怎样我们也不清楚。
这道题在Argument题库里的题号是60。除此题外还有其他题目比如145/146/150/154/155。
接下来来看第二个高频题目:
The following appeared in a health newsletter.
"A ten-year nationwide study of the effectiveness of wearing a helmet while bicycling indicates that ten years ago, approximately 35 percent of all bicyclists reported wearing helmets, whereas today that number is nearly 80 percent. Another study, however, suggests that during the same ten-year period, the number of bicycle-related accidents has increased 200 percent. These results demonstrate that bicyclists feel safer because they are wearing helmets, and they take more risks as a result. Thus, to reduce the number of serious injuries from bicycle accidents, the government should concentrate more on educating people about bicycle safety and less on encouraging or requiring bicyclists to wear helmets."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
这道题主要采取了两种论述方法：统计数据论证法、列举特征式论证法。
这道题目的结论为：为减少自行车事故中严重伤害的数量，政府应该更多地对人们加强自行车安全教育，并且少鼓励少要求骑车人戴头盔。
这道题里面的隐含前提为：
(1) 时间前提：10年前，35%;today，80%;
implication为其他因素不变&骑自行车总人数不变。
反驳点：总人口变化，骑自行车的总人数变化;路面状况改变;骑车技术的变化等;
(2) 事故数量前提：增长200%;
Implication为任何其他环境不变&骑自行车总人数不变。
反驳点：another study调查情况不明，对比前后数量不明确，环境变化因素不明确(自行车设计的行车速度过快，没有足够的自行车专用车道，行人和机动车不守规则，交通管理力量欠缺，路面状况糟糕等);
(3) 因果关系前提：
implication：戴头盔人数增多，证明人们愿意戴头盔，能感到安全;
反驳点：戴头盔人数增多，不一定源于喜欢戴头盔，有可能是交通规定等原因;
(4) 建议加强自行车安全教育，而不是强调骑车人佩戴安全帽以减少交通事故。
反驳点：自行车教育会受到重视吗?未来自行车是不是人们的主要交通工具?行人注意行车安全就一定能够避免大部分的交通事故吗?
这道题在Argument题库里的题号是41。除此题外还有其他题目比如123/125与之类似。
最后再来看一下第三道高频题目：
The following is part of a memorandum from the president of Humana University.
"Last year the number of students who enrolled in online degree programs offered by nearby Omni University increased by 50 percent. During the same year, Omni showed a significant decrease from prior years in expenditures for dormitory and classroom space, most likely because instruction in the online programs takes place via the Internet. In contrast, over the past three years, enrollment at Humana University has failed to grow, and the cost of maintaining buildings has increased along with our budget deficit. To address these problems, Humana University will begin immediately to create and actively promote online degree programs like those at Omni. We predict that instituting these online degree programs will help Humana both increase its total enrollment and solve its budget problems."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
这道题目的结论为：H学校开设网络课程能够增加总招生人数并解决财政赤字。
逻辑错误共有六个：
(1)对比类问题：去年参与网上授课的学生招生数量增长了50%
就此错误点可以提出两个问题：1.之前Omni大学网上学位项目的招收人数是多少?如果当时的人数很低的话，增长50%也不能说明什么问题;2.去年的增长是不是一个特例?
(2)因果关系类错误：去年Omni showed a significant decrease from prior years in expenditures for dormitory and classroom space, 并猜测这个结果是由于网上授课。
就此错误点可以提出一个问题：1.学生中走读生的数量是否明显增加。因为如果学生不再选择住学校宿舍，同时走读生回家学习，对教室空间的利用就会减少;
(3)因果关系错误：H学校三年间招生人数未增加
问题相关方面：教学质量下降、学风不正、人口分布等;
(4)偷换概念：O学校解决的是expenditures for dormitory and classroom space;而H学校期待解决的是the cost of maintaining buildings and budget deficit，解决的focus不一样。
(5)错误类比：O与H是否存在可比性?两校所在地区的处于大学教育阶段的青少年人口数量是否有巨大的差异?两地的经济发展水平是否有很大不同?两校提供的教育项目所针对的目标人群是否差别很大?其他大学传统住校项目的招生情况如何，是不是普遍下降呢?
(6)结论：因果关系+错误类比
【Instituting these online degree programs---- help Humana both increase its total enrollment and solve its budget problems】
反驳：O学校增加了参与网络课程的学生人数≠总体招生人数上升。
这道题在Argument题库里的题号是45。除此题外还有49与之类似。
今天我们Argument高频题目归纳讲解就到这里了。希望通过详细的归纳总结Argument考场高频题目能够解救埋头行进在奋战Argument题海里却依然前路漫漫，不见光明，痛苦遨游的考友们。更多GRE备考信息请登录前程百利GRE考试网站或拨打前程百利GRE考试热线400-890-6000咨询。
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