GRE填空中反义重复分为两类,对比关系和转折关系。这里重点讲解GRE填空对比关系,其又分为二类:直接对比和时间对比。下面就跟小编分别来看一下。
GRE填空对比关系—直接对比
特征词有:far from, on the contrary, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, in contrast to, more…than; paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously; replace A with B, decay from A to B, reconcile A with B, distinguish between A and B等等。
这类特征词的出现表示左右两边成反义重复,直接取非,即找到关键词后直接加“not”,填入空格。
例1:Paradoxically, England’s colonization of North America was _____ by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country.
(A) demonstrated
(B) weakened
(C) determined
(D) altered
(E) undermined
(F) distinguished
paradoxically,ironically等词的出现时题目的做法:先当这个词不存在,按照正常的逻辑
推理,然后再把推理结果取反即可得出结论!所以此题去掉paradoxically的正常逻辑就是成功应该会带来正面的积极地效果,将这个逻辑取反,所以空格应当填入一个偏负概念词汇。通过这一点,我们可以将BE选项,选择出来。
此题中还有一解题线索,就是冒号引导的解释,后面在说:殖民地持续的繁荣减少了他们对英国的依赖性,以及由此而减少了忠诚性。这个也在说明成功带来了负面的效果。所以选择BE。
例2:Far from viewing Jefferson as a skeptical but enlightened intellectual, historians of the 1960's portrayed him as ______ thinker, eager to fill the young with his political orthodoxy while censoring ideas he did not like.
(A) an adventurous
(B) a doctrinaire
(C) an eclectic
(D) a judicious
(E) a cynical
thinker 后面的补充说明是空格的性质,按照解释模式,该内容直接填入空格,表示“政治正统,排除异己”的意思即可。另外,Far from 表达对比关系,空格应该表达和“充满怀疑但却开明(skeptical but enlightened)”相对的含义。A 爱冒险的,大胆的;B 教条的,空谈理论的;C 折衷主义的(杂家式的);D明智的;E 犬儒主义的。选项 B 符合推理。
例3:The transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic era is viewed by most art historians as a _____, because, instead of an increasingly _____ pictorial art, we find degeneration.
Blank(i) |
Blank(ii) |
A regression |
D debased |
B consolidation |
E aberrant |
C calamity |
F sophisticated |
正确答案:AF
答案分析:1, 第一空应该填入一个名词,表现的是大多数艺术史学家( most art historians )对于从P到N时期过渡( The transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic era )的一种看法,because后面引导原因,说到,我们发现了退化( we find degeneration)。所以对应第一空应是一个负评价概念,对应degeneration,所以选择A,regression
2,第二空应该填入一个形容词来修饰绘画艺术 (pictorial art),instead of A,B这个结构中AB两部分是对比关系,所以后面说我们发现了退化degeneration,所以第二空应该是一个正评价概念。DEF三个选项中只有F是正评价。 3,综上,AF。
例4:It comes as no surprise that societies have codes of behavior; the character of the codes, on the other hand, can often be _____.
A predictable
B unexpected
C admirable
D explicit
E confusing
这是一道“对象变化”题。前面主语是codes of behavior,后面是character of the codes。
在GRE中,对象转换了通常前后取反(时间转换通常也前后取反)。虽然看到“on the other hand”不一定取反,但对象转换了,所以要取反。综上,codes of behavior是predictable,那么character of the codes是unpredictable。所以答案是B。
例5: It is difficult to distinguish between the things that charismatic figures do _________ and those that are carefully contrived for effect.
(A) formally
(B) publicly
(C) prolifically
(D) spontaneously
(E) willfully
空格填入一个副词,表示对"有领袖气质的人做某事儿"进行修饰,distinguish between…and….表示对比,所以空格要体现"为了做样子而故意策划(carefully contrived for effect)"的反义。A正式的;B公然地;C多产地,丰富地;D自然地,自发地;E任性地,蓄意地。D选项正确。
GRE填空对比关系—时间对比
时间对比关系的特征词为:表示过去的是before, once, early, previous, initially, formerly, pristine等;表示现在的是current, recently, now, today等;表示将来的是future, later, after, no longer等。如果在两个不同的时间提到同一个事物,这个事物的两种状态是相反的,或者后面时间出现的事物状态推翻前面时间出现的事物状态。
例1:Future generations will probable consider current speculations about humanity’s place in the universe to be ____ omissions and errors: even rigorous scientific views change, sometimes overnight.
A. immune from
B. marred by
C. uncorrupted by
D. correct despite
E. abridge by
题目中出现了分号,分号左边中出现了两个时间点Future和current,所以空格中应该是一个负评价的词。选项中,A免疫;B破坏;C未腐败的;D改正;E删减。其中B项的感情色彩最强烈,所以答案选B。
例2:Scientists' pristine reputation as devotees of the disinterested pursuit of truth has been ____ by recent evidence that some scientists have deliberately ____ experimental results to further their own careers.
Blank(i) |
Blank(ii) |
A reinforced |
D replicated |
B compromised |
E fabricated |
C resuscitated |
F challenged |
正确答案:BE
答案分析:空格 1 前后出现了两个时间词:"早期的(pristine)"和"近来的(recent)",根据"单空格模式",空格 1 前后是时间对比,所以空格 1 填入一个负动作。选项中,A 加强;B 妥协;C使复活。所以答案选B。
空格 2 要填入一个动词,表示"科学家(scientists)"对"实验结果(experimental results)"做的动作,填入后要表示负面的评价,所以 E选项正确。
例3:Having fully embraced the belief that government by persuasion is preferable to government by______, the leaders of the movement have recently ______ most of their previous statements supporting totalitarianism.
Blank(i) |
Blank(ii) |
A coercion |
D issued |
B participation |
E deliberated |
C demonstration |
F repudiated |
正确答案:AF
答案分析:空格 1 填入一个名词,表示对政府特征的描述,应该和"说服(persuation)"构成语义对应;选项中,A强制;B参与;C展示,所以答案选A。
空格填入一个动词,表示"运动的领导人(the leaders of the movement)"对于"支持极权主义的言论(statements supporting totalitarianism)"做的动作。"多党派政府(government by persuation)"和"极权主义(totalitarianism)"是相反的,所以空格 2 应该和"拥护(embraced)"相反,而空格 1 就应该和"极权主义"相同。此外,这个题目也可以根据时间对比和单空格模式判断空格 2 为负动作。选项中,D颁布;E思量;F否定,所以答案选F。
以上就是小编为大家分析的GRE填空对比关系,希望对大家有帮助。