如果考生在做了大量的语法练习题后会发现在SAT语法中有一种句子成分的问题,在SAT语法的三种题型中,改错题和改进句子题中常出现句子成分缺失,或者修饰错误的问题,那么今天我们就来讲一讲SAT语法中的句子成分问题。
我们先来看两个例子when the troll bounced off the bannister.
Muttering over the cauldron.
先通读第一句话不用分析成分,可以发现这句话是不完整的,“当巨人跳过栅栏的时候”后面好像还要发生什么,句子并不完整,这里改进的方法就是去掉连词when,直接变为一个简单句子:
The troll bounced off the bannister
第二句中在大锅旁边抱怨,很明显缺少主语,也缺少一个完整的谓语动词,这里我们可以补充为:
The witch is muttering over the cauldron.
这样将缺失的成分不全或者将多余的部分去掉,以上两个句子就完整了,那么SAT语法中的句子成分问题也无非就这两种,这里我们讲一下最典型的一种就是run-on句型。Run-on句型是SAT语法中最常见的句子成分问题。
Run-on句型错误是一个连接错误的句子有很多别名, the comma fault sentence, the comma splice sentence, the fused sentence,不过我们并不需要记住这些别名,只要知道这是残缺句子,
这里我们看一下run-on句型错误的例子,句子中包含逗号
例1:The wizards tasted the potion, they found the mixture
例2:The troll is very hungry I think he is going to pounce
Run-on 句型的特点就是句子中有两个独立的,完整的句子中间用逗号隔开,例1中就是the comma fault sentence, the comma splice sentence,例:二中就是the fused sentence,例2中连个句子中间没有任何标点。
我们可以有四种方法进行改正:
第一种:用句号而不是逗号,在第一句的结尾用句号,第二句的开头改为大写字母。
The wizards tasted the potion. They found the mixture tasty.
The troll is very hungry. I think he is going to pounce
第二种:将连个独立的句子用一个并列连词连接。
The wizards tasted the potion, and they found the mixture tasty.
The troll is very hungry, so I think he is going to pounce.
第三种:在两个句子中间插入分号,不使用并列连词。
The wizards tasted the potion; they found the mixture tasty.
The troll is very hungry; I think he is going to pounce.
第四种:用一个从属连词使得一个独立的句子完全依赖于另一个句子
When the wizards tasted the potion, they found the mixture tasty.
Because the troll is very hungry, I think he is going to pounce.
下面我们来看一下真题中的句子成分的考察题:
5. American journalist Harriet Quimb, the first woman to pilot a plane across the English Channel, doing it just nine years after the Wright brothers' first powered flight.
(A)Harriet Quimby, the first woman to pilot a plane across the English Channel, doing it
(B)Harriet Quimby the first woman who piloted a plane across the English Channel, and who did so
(C)Harriet Quimby became the first woman to have piloted a plane across the English Channel and did it
(D)Harriet Quimby became the first woman to pilot a plane across the English Channel, accomplishing this feat
(E)Harriet Quimby was the first woman piloting a plane across the English Channel, the feat was accomplished
句意:美国记者Harriet Quimb是第一个驾驶飞机穿过英吉利海峡的女士,这仅仅在怀特兄弟完成的九年之后。
解析:D,A中的doing it后面缺少完整的动词,B中有两个who引导的从句没有主句,C中前面是过去时态became后面就变成了现在完成时态have piloted,时态错误.E中是两个独立的句子中间没有连接词,句子成分残缺,也就是常说的run-on句型。
以上就是SAT语法句子成分的问题讲解,包括SAT语法考察的错误点和修改方法,相信通过这种考点加练习的方式,考生已经明确了考察方式,接下考生还要进行大量的练习来巩固一下,希望考生可以考取满意的SAT考试成绩。
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