在【托福阅读那些“已暴露”的出题点】这篇文章中，托福小编已经为大家分析了八个托福考试阅读题目的常见出题点，其中关于“解释”这一出题点：这里“解释”出题点，小编侧重于说明这类出题点的两种情况：一种是ETS很明显在文章中标注的对于某个名词的解释，之所以会解释这个词，是为了大家理解文章，更是为了大家在做题时不会受到晦涩单词本身的阻碍，所以带有这种解释的地方大有可能出题;另外一种情况是：在文章中，在出现的某个词语或者某句话后，文章中继续给予解释，这样的地方易出题。
小编马上用例题解析的方式详细说明。
举例一：来自TPO2 The Origins of Cetaceans--第1题
Paragraph 1: It should be obvious that cetaceans—whales, porpoises, and dolphins—are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.
1. In paragraph 1, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans?
○It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
○It cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
○It is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.
○It cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans.
解析：答案是B
由the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans定位到 Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals. 所以是在说这些身体结构不能掩盖它们好陆生哺乳动物的亲缘关系。假设对于这句话根本不理解，就往前看，第一句直到定位句，这些部分的结构关系是：It should be obvious that cetaceans—whales, porpoises, and dolphins—are mammals是主要论述句，后面两句则是解释论述句的。所以这句话肯定在讲cetaceans怎么就很明显是哺乳动物了。结合肯定能够理解的部分：”不能…它们与哺乳动物的关系”得出答案。
说明一下：这里的专业词汇被ETS标上了注解，出题即在此。fluke1 and blowhole2
出题点：带解释的论述句。
2. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?
○It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like.
○There were great numbers of them.
○They lived in the sea only.
○They did not leave many fossil remains.
解析：答案是A
由early sea otters定位到However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.正推。
考点:在文章中给出补充解释的部分出考题可能性大：这里用()展示。(seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea)
举例二：来自TPO4Petroleum Resources--第9题
Paragraph 4: As oil becomes increasingly difficult to find, the search for it is extended into more-hostile environments. The development of the oil field on the North Slope of Alaska and the construction of the Alaska pipeline are examples of the great expense and difficulty involved in new oil discoveries. Offshore drilling platforms extend the search for oil to the ocean’s continental shelves—those gently sloping submarine regions at the edges of the continents. More than one-quarter of the world’s oil and almost one-fifth of the world’s natural gas come from offshore, even though offshore drilling is six to seven times more expensive than drilling on land. A significant part of this oil and gas comes from under the North Sea between Great Britain and Norway.
9.The word “sloping” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○shifting
○inclining
○forming
○rolling
解析：答案是B
所在句Offshore drilling platforms extend the search for oil to the ocean’s continental shelves—those gently sloping submarine regions at the edges of the continents.破折号后部分是对continental shelves的解释，所以描述的特点是continental shelves(大陆架)的特点，对比选项得出答案。
考点：进一步解释
以上就是托福小编关于“解释”这一出题点的详细题目举例，希望大家在做题过程中也能多思考、总结，争取在这类出题点上不会丢分。
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