托福阅读事实信息题是阅读考试中比较常见的一种题型，tpo则是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。本文带来的是TPO25-2的事实信息题，一起来看看吧。
TPO25-2 The Decline of Venetian Shipping
Paragraph 2
This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade. First, Venic’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea, where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties, were lost to direct trading. In the fifteenth century there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (large ships propelled by oars): guilds (business associations) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for. In the early sixteenth century the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space), with required fewer rowers. But the shortage of crews proved to be a greater and greater problem, despite continuous appeal to Venic’s tradition of maritime greatness. Even though sailors’ wages doubled among the northern Italian cities from 1550 to 1590, this did not elicit an increased supply.
2. The word “compulsorily” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○ for free
○ for a time
○ by requirement
○ by design
解题：compulsorily 强制地，必须地，义务地，所以正确答案是C的by requirement。代入得到 guild 通过draft system征用没事干的公民做桨手，当需要的时候，这些人会怎样服务，有义务服务说得通，所以是答案，但for free貌似也说得通，所以就要靠单词量了，但至少for a time和by design 说不通。
【2】这一衰退很明显地体现在影响威尼斯的航运以及贸易的变化上。首先，威尼斯在亚得里亚海上的中介功能——它曾控制着亚得里亚海上其他团体的航运产业——败给了直接贸易。在15世纪时期，为单层甲板大帆船(一种靠划桨驱动的大船)征募水手不算一个问题：行会(商业协会)负责提供桨手，当有需要的时候，会通过征用系统强制征召一些没有工作的公民。在16世纪早期，桨手的短缺问题还不算严重，由于圆船(一种使用圆形船体以提供更多货舱空间的船只)的出现，限制了单层甲板大帆船的需求，而圆船只需要很少的桨手。然而，尽管一再强调威尼斯那海事之伟大的传统，但是船员的短缺被证明是一个日益严重的问题。甚至当意大利北部城市水手的工资在1550年到1590年间翻倍时，水手的数量依然没有增长。
Paragraph 3:
The problem in shipping extended to the Arsenale, Venice’s huge and powerful shipyard. Timber ran short, and it was necessary to procure it from farther and farther away. In ancient Roman times, the Italian peninsula had great forest of fir preferred for warships, but scarcity was apparent as early as the early fourteenth century. Arsenale officers first brought timber from the foothills of the Alps, then from north toward Trieste, and finally from across the Adriatic. Private shipbuilders were required to buy their oak abroad. As the costs of shipbuilding rose, Venice clung to its outdated standard while the Dutch were innovation in the lighter and more easily handled ships.
6. According to paragraphs 3, why did the building of ships in Venetian shipyards become increasingly expensive?
○ The wages of officers and workers in the Arsenale kept rising
○ Roman shipyards were using all the available fir trees for the warships
○ The timber used in the shipbuilding had to be brought from farther and farther away
○ Venetian standards required that shipbuilders use top-quality materials.
解题：以increasingly expensive 为关键词似乎不好，看第二句，说 timber很少，所以想得到就要跑得越来越远，于是正确答案是 C，A的wage原文没讲，B的warship和D的Venetian standards虽然有说，但都和问题无关，错。
【3】航运的问题延伸到了威尼斯军械库，威尼斯那庞大且颇具实力的造船厂。木材短缺，必须从很远的地方运来。在古罗马时期，意大利半岛上有茂密的冷杉林，冷杉是建造军舰的好材料，但是不足的现象早在14世纪早期就出现了。军械库的长官最早从阿尔卑斯山脚下购买木材，而后则从北部到的里雅斯特地区(购买木材)，最后则需跨过亚得里亚海(才能购得木材)。私人造船厂则不得不从国外购置橡木。当造船的成本增加时，威尼斯依旧固守着它那过时了的标准，而与此同时，荷兰则转向更轻更易操作的新型船只方面的创新。
Paragraph 6:
The Venetian Council finally allowed round ships to enter the trade that was previously reserved for merchant galleys, thus reducing transport cost by one third. Prices of spices delivered by ship from the eastern Mediterranean came to equal those of spices transported by Paortuguese vessels, but the increase in quantity with both routes in operation drove the price far down. Gradually, Venice’s role as a storage and distribution center for spices and silk, dyes cotton, and gold decayed, and by the early seventeenth century Venice had lost its monopoly in markets such as France and southern Germany.
12. According to paragraphs 6, in the sixteenth century the price of spices declined because
○ France and Germany established monopolies and dictated prices
○ Venetian merchant galleys competed with Venetian round ships for the spice trade
○ More spices were available because both the Venetians and the Portuguese were importing them
○ Increased demand for silk, dyes, cotton and gold meant that people had less money to spend on spices.
解题：以price of spices 做关键词定位至倒数第二句，说来自东地中海和葡萄牙的东西价格一样，两条线运来的东西量的增加导致价格下降，所以正确答案是C，more were available。 A跟原文说的根本就不是一回事;B的两者竞争原文确实有说，但不是造成价格下降的原因，不要主观臆断;D的 increased demand直接没说，注意原文说的是可以提供的东西变多了，不等于需求增大。
【6】威尼斯委员会最终允许在贸易中使用圆船，之前只允许使用单层甲板大帆船，因此运输的成本下降了1/3。从地中海东部船运过来的香料价格与葡萄牙航线船运的香料价格相当，但是两条运营的商线使得香料的总供应量增加，从而导致香料的价格大幅度下降。逐渐地，威尼斯作为香料、丝绸、染料棉和黄金的储存与配销中心的作用衰退了，到17世纪早期，威尼斯彻底失去了它在诸如法国和德国南部市场上的垄断地位。
以上就是托福阅读TPO25-2中的事实信息题及其解析，大家可以在备考的时候参考复习，希望能够帮助大家的考前准备。最后前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。
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