托福阅读修辞目的题是阅读考试中比较常见的一种题型，tpo则是托福阅读备考最权威的材料 ，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的修辞目的题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。本文带来的是TPO5-2的修辞目的题，一起来看看吧。
TPO5-2 The Origin of the Pacific Island People
Paragraph3：The basic cultural requirements for the successful colonization of the Pacific islands include the appropriate boat-building, sailing, and navigation skills to get to the islands in the first place, domesticated plants and gardening skills suited to often marginal conditions, and a varied inventory of fishing implements and techniques. It is now generally believed that these prerequisites originated with peoples speaking Austronesian languages (a group of several hundred related languages) and began to emerge in Southeast Asia by about 5000 B. C.E. The culture of that time, based on archaeology and linguistic reconstruction, is assumed to have had a broad inventory of cultivated plants including taro, yarns, banana, sugarcane, breadfruit, coconut, sago, and rice, Just as important, the culture also possessed the basic foundation for an effective maritime adaptation, including outrigger canoes and a variety of fishing techniques that could be effective for overseas voyaging.
8.In Paragraph3, why does the author provide information about the types of crops grown and boats used in Southeast Asia during the period around 5000 B. C. E.?
To evaluate the relative importance of agriculture and fishing to early Austronesian peoples.
To illustrate the effectiveness of archaeological and linguistic methods in discovering details about life in ancient times.
To contrast living conditions on the continent of Asia with living conditions on the Pacific islands.
To demonstrate that people from this region had the skills and resources necessary to travel to and survive on the Pacific islands.
解析：修辞目的题，以5000 B.C.E.为关键词定位至第二句，但事实上关于种的作物的信息在第三句中的”The culture of that time”，往第二句看，这些前提条件是说A语言的人有的，也就是说A有占领太平洋岛屿的能力，正确答案D
[3]成功地将太平洋群岛殖民地化需要的基础文化条件包括：适当的造船、航行和航海技术以首先到达岛屿;适应贫瘠条件的驯化植物和园艺技术;各种各样的捕鱼器具和技术。现在普遍认为这些先决条件是那些说南岛语(一个有几百种亲属语种的语系)的人所带来的，他们公元前5 000年前就出现在东南亚。通过考古学和语言学的重建发现，那个时候的文明拥有广泛的植物储存，包括芋头、纱、香蕉、甘蔗、面包果、椰子、西米和稻米。同样重要的是，当时的社会也具备适应海洋的基础，包括桅杆船和各种各样有利于越洋航行的捕鱼技术。
Paragraph4：Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. Detailed studies of the winds and currents using computer simulations suggest that drifting canoes would have been a most unlikely means of colonizing the Pacific. These expeditions were likely driven by population growth and political dynamics on the home islands, as well as the challenge and excitement of exploring unknown waters. Because all Polynesians, Micronesians, and many Melanesians speak Austronesian languages and grow crops derived from Southeast Asia, all these peoples most certainly derived from that region and not the New World or elsewhere. The undisputed pre-Columbian presence in Oceania of the sweet potato, which is a New World domesticate, has sometimes been used to support Heyerdahl’s “American Indians in the Pacific” theories. However, this is one plant out of a long list of Southeast Asian domesticates. As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by returning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America.
12.Why does the author mention the views of “Patrick Kirch”?
To present evidence in favor of Heyerdahl’s idea about American Indians reaching Oceania
To emphasize the familiarity of Pacific islanders with crops from many different regions of the world
To indicate that supposed proof for Heyerdahl’s theory has an alternative explanation.
To demonstrate that some of the same crops were cultivated in both South America and Oceania.
解析：修辞目的题，往前看，however句与前句有紧密的衔接，所以再往前看一句。说甜土豆的出现支持了H的理论，紧接着就来了个转折，说明PK的观点不支持H，A反了;C的alternative explanation正确;B和D都没说。
[4]与那个太平洋人很多都是波利尼西亚人偶然迷失并漂流而定居下来的说法相反的是，这些功绩是通过有意的殖民远征来实现的，他们那些准备周详，出发时满载食物、已培育好的植物和以驯化的动物。通过电脑模拟对风向和洋流进行的详细研究表明，船只漂流是最不可能的殖民太平洋的途径。远征可能是由本土的人口增长、政治动荡以及探索未知水域的挑战和兴奋所驱动的。因为所有的波利尼西亚人、密克罗尼西亚人和很多美拉尼西亚人说南岛语，种植的庄稼起源于东南亚，所以所有的这些人最有可能来自那个地方，而不是新世界或者其他地方。甘薯，一种新世界的品种，在哥伦比亚发现美洲大陆前它就在大洋洲的出现，这是无可置疑的，这有时候被用来证明Heyerdahl的太平洋岛民是美国印第安人的理论。然而，这是一种在东南亚培育的植物的长名单之外的植物。正如美国人类学家Patrick Kirch所指出的，比起从南美漂流过来，甘薯更容易被那些到过南美的玻利尼西亚返航者携带来。
以上就是托福阅读TPO5-2中的修辞目的题及其解析，大家可以在备考的时候参考复习，希望能够帮助大家的考前准备。最后前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。
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