句子简化题是托福阅读十大题型之一，本文小编为大家介绍托福阅读句子简化题的题型特点和解题方法，并结合例题为大家讲解这类题的解法，一起来看一下吧。
课程目录
1. 题型特点
2. 解题方法
3. 例题分析
1. 题型特点
1)提问方式：Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
2)考查对原句的理解能力;
3)需要分清句子的主干和逻辑关系.
2. 解题方法
1)分析原句的句子结构;
2)参考句子的逻辑关系;
3)看选项：是否改变原句中重要的含义或缺少原句中的基本信息。
经常考查的句子逻辑关系有因果关系、并列关系和转折关系。下面我们分别来看一下：
① 因果关系
因果关系可分为明显因果关系和隐含因果关系。
明显因果关系词：because, because of, since, for, as, due to, owing to, so, so that, as a result, therefore, thereby, hence, consequently, accordingly等。
隐含因果关系词：lead to, cause, result, result in, give rise to, render, make, stimulate, spur, spark, motivate, prompt;come from, result from, derive from, stem from, be attributable to, originate等。
② 并列关系
常见的并列关系词有：and, as well as, not only but (also), on one hand on the other hand, neither, nor等。
③ 转折关系
常见的转折关系词有：but, while, however, whereas, yet, still, on the contrary等。
常见问题：
1)分析不明白句子的主干;
2)句子主干分析出来，选项搞不清楚。
3. 例题分析
例1：The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form.
A. Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.
B. Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land.
C. The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort.
D. Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.
解析：这句话的主干是“seriousness of desertification results from A and B as well as from C”，包含隐含的因果关系，导致沙漠化加剧的原因有三个，分别是“the vast areas of land”，“the tremendous numbers of people affected”和“the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process”。B选项中虽然包括因果关系，但是原因和结果与原文不符;C选项前半句和原文的主句是一致的，但是控制沙漠化的进程不仅仅和人口增长有关系;D选项和B选项犯的错误是一样的，只是限制在了人口因素上，并没有提及其他两个因素;只有A选项既符合原文的意思，又符合原文的逻辑，是正确答案。
例2：If a pot has no bottom or has large openings in its sides, it could hardly be considered a container in any traditional sense. Since the applied-art objects are shaped by the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits.
A. Functional applied-art objects cannot vary much from the basic patterns determined by the laws of physics.
B. The function of applied-art objects is determined by basic patterns in the laws of physics.
C. Since functional applied-art objects vary only within certain limits, arbitrary decisions cannot have determined their general form.
D. The general form of applied-art objects is limited by some arbitrary decision that is not determined by the laws of physics.
原文第二句中有一个因果关系词“since”，这句话的意思是“由于实用型艺术品是根据物理定律塑造的，而不是随意塑造的，它们遵循基本的模型，因此它们功能形式的变化也不会太大。”B选项说实用型艺术品的功能是由物理定律中的基本模型决定的，只说了前面的原因，没提到后面的结果，逻辑关系与原文不一致;C选项中虽然也有因果关系词“since”，但是错把原文的结果当成了原因;把原文的原因当成了结果;D选项与原文信息不符，实用型艺术品的形状不是随意塑造的，而是遵循物理定律的;这道题的正确答案是A选项。
以上就是托福阅读句子简化题的相关介绍，希望能给考生的学习带来帮助。最后，小编祝愿各位考生在托福考试中取得好成绩!
您还可能关注：
