托福口语第四题考查的是与学术讲座相关的题目。下面小编为大家介绍这类题目的答题要求，并结合具体的例子为大家分享这类题的解题技巧，大家一起来看一下吧。
一、题目介绍
第四题包含了读、听、说三项内容。首先，要在45秒内阅读一篇75至100字左右的学术短文，内容会涉及某个学术名词以及该名词的定义解释。之后，听力部分是一段课堂内容节选， 教授会引用一个或两个具体的实例来解释说明阅读短文中的学术概念。最后，同学们需要将阅读和听力部分所记录的重点复述出来。
下面让我们来熟悉一下这种题型，看如何在阅读短文时掌握大概内容，从上课内容中听出细节，最后将两者联系起来回答问题。
二、例题讲解
我们以2012年12月8日新托福口语考试第四题为例来看一下如何解答这类题目。
1. 解题步骤
第一步：读短文
Promotion Risk
In management science, a "promotion risk” is an individual with the following features. First, the individual has been promoted into a high or relatively high position in the company. He has been promoted because of demonstrated superior abilities for some of his position’s more important tasks. However, the individual also displays certain weaknesses for performing other of his position’s duties. Such a person is a “risk” because his weaknesses may lead to serious errors which damage the company or reduce profits. So the company must consider the risk when making the promotion or hiring decision.
阅读技巧：
1)在45秒内迅速地将标题及其定义记录下来，例如：
标题：Promotion Risk
定义：Promotion Risk: something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
也可以将定义缩写，比如：
Promotion Risk: risk face by 司→promote sb. ∵ability→profit, but weak→损
2)然后将标题和定义带入下面的模板，完成阅读部分的复述：
The reading is about an academic topic known as promotion risk which refers to something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
第二步：听录音
教授在举例解释定义之前会重新阐明一下标题的定义，这部分内容不需要记录。拿好笔，记录讲座的具体事例。请注意下面听力原文中的粗体字。
I think most of us know, or have heard about, someone who is a promotion risk. Generally speaking, the person has talents which may produce great success for his company; however, his weaknesses may also destroy the effect of those successes by reducing profits or driving away other talented staff. To help you understand the concept, let’s look at an example of a real-life promotion risk.
A software designer graduated from MIT. After a software company hired him, he was the most talented designer on any team and made a lot of profit for the company.
He was a big reason the company was so successful in those years. Later, he was promoted to division manager at headquarters.
That’s when the trouble started. He was a genius as a software designer but not as a key team leader. As a manager, he thought he was always right. He never discussed anything with his team members, but just gave orders. In six months, about a quarter of his highly-talented staff was leaving or threatening to leave.
And that is still the problem. The company can’t demote him, because it would undermine staff faith in the company management. So, well, he's just something the company has to put up with. Put up with, and remember the next time they promote a “genius”.
听力技巧：
如果你足够细心，你就会发现听力原文中的粗色字体大部分为句子的宾语或表语，如：
He was the most talented designer.
He made a lot of profit for the company.
He thought he was always right.
另外，还有一些至关重要的动词承上启下，如：he was promoted/trouble started/never discussed, but gave orders/can’t demote him/has to put up with。
因此，重要信息大多出现在句子的宾语和表语中，动词偶尔客串以连接重要信息。
笔记如下：
阅读部分
Promotion Risk: risk face by 司→promote sb. ∵ability→profit, but weak→损
听力部分
e.g. prf→software designer
才designer→profit→公
∴promoted
trouble ∵×good leader
×discuss with others, but order
∴others leave
but 公司×fire
∵he=promot~ risk公 担
然后将上述笔记带入模板，答案复述完成。
2. 参考模板
阅读部分
The reading is about an academic topic known as… which refers to…
听力部分
And then the professor explains this concept by giving an example in the lecture.(过渡句，起着连接阅读和听力的作用。)
According to the lecture…(将笔记带入，复述例子)
3. 参考答案
The reading is about an academic topic known as promotion risk which refers to something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
The professor explains this idea by giving an example of a software designer in the lecture.
According to the lecture, this designer is talented in software designing and has brought his company a lot of profit, so he gets promoted to a higher position. However, here comes a problem, he is not a good team leader at all. For example, he never discusses with others, but just gives orders. As a result, other employees leave the company. However, the company cannot fire him because he is the promotion risk that the company has to face.
以上就是小编为大家分享的托福口语第四题的解题技巧，希望能给大家的口语学习带来帮助。最后，小编祝愿各位考生在托福考试中取得好成绩!
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