托福综合写作是托福写作部分比较容易的部分，托福综合写作是基于托福阅读和听力的内容，总结两部分的内容进行写作。阅读部分的内容一般是提出一个观点，然后用2-3个分论点进行论述。听力部分最红要的就是要学会使用听力笔记。但是，最重要的一点就是综合写作的范文中我们可以提取出来很多的万能模板。接下来，就和前程百利小编一起学习新托福写作真经4这份资料。
阅读文本：
Food irradiation is the process by which certain types of food are subjected to low doses of radiation to render any microorganisms in the food harmless and to improve the food's shelf life. Among the foods that are commonly irradiated are root tubers such as potatoes, tropical fruits like mangoes and papayas, and meat products, including poultry and fish. There is a perception among many in the public that irradiating food products is unsafe and harmful, yet both notions are incorrect.
Firstly, the products are exposed to low amounts of radiation, which is completely harmless to humans. The radiation is, however, strong enough to damage the DNA of any microorganisms in or on the food. This prevents the microorganisms from causing the food to spoil or from harming those who eat it. In addition, virtually 100% of the bacteria on the food are destroyed in the irradiation process, and so are other pathogens such as viruses and fungi.
Another advantage of irradiation is that it slows the process by which food spoils. This allows foods such as tropical fruits to be shipped great distances from where they are grown to markets all over the world. Resultantly, farmers in Southeast Asian countries can sell fresh produce to consumers in the United States and Europe. Irradiation also gives food a greater shelf life once it reaches supermarkets. Thus food neither rots nor spoils if it is not sold promptly.
Finally, foods suffer hardly any losses in their nutritional value when they are exposed to radiation. In fact, the change is negligible. So while the microorganisms, bacteria, and other pathogens are eliminated, the foods retain the same amounts of vitamins and minerals. The end result of irradiation is food products that are safer, longer lasting, and high in nutrition.
阅读要点：
观点：There is a perception among many in the public that irradiating food products is unsafe and harmful, yet both notions are incorrect.大家很多人都认为放射后的食物是不安全的，甚至是有害的，但是这些观点都是不正确的。
1、Firstly, the products are exposed to low amounts of radiation, which is completely harmless to humans.
首先，食物只接触少量的辐射，根本对人体没有害处。
2、Another advantage of irradiation is that it slows the process by which food spoils.
放射的另外一个作用就是减缓食物腐烂的速度。
3、Finally, foods suffer hardly any losses in their nutritional value when they are exposed to radiation.
最后，食物在放射中几乎没有营养流失。
听力笔记符号：
听力要点：
观点：There’s widespread belief among consumers that irradiated food can be harmful. I must admit that I understand why they feel that way.
很多消费者认为经过放射的事物可能是有害的，我必须承认我能够理解这一点。
1、Well, it's actually impossible to know if they’re all killed.
我们不能确保真菌全部被杀死，即使只有一丁点的残余，也有可能会再繁殖更多的真菌，这样的话，危害会很大。
2、But it can actually cause the ripening process to halt. They aren’t ripe, don’t taste good, and lack vitamins and minerals.
食物放射会减缓食物成熟的速度，但是这样会造成事物丢失维生素和矿物质。
3、Some scientists conducting research have determined that some foods may lose nutrients during the irradiation process.
一些科学家在试验中发现有些食物在放射过程中会有营养流失。
范文分析：
①The lecturer argues that food irradiation may have a harmful impact on the human body. ②This directly refutes the reading passage’s claim that irradiation is an effective means to allow the storage of food for a longer period of time.
First, food irradiation may not get rid of all the bacteria present. The surviving pathogens will become resistant to radiation and will pass along a similar resistance to their offspring. ③This contradicts the reading passage's claim that food irradiation is an efficient way of sterilizing pathogens since it kills bacteria, the main culprit behind food spoilage.
④On top of that, the lecturer contends that food irradiation may prevent food from ripening. She gives an example of green bananas that are subject to irradiation. The ripening process for those bananas stops, resulting in a lack of vitamins and minerals as well as an unsatisfying taste. ⑤This rebuts the reading passage’s claim that irradiation makes the long-distance delivery of food possible because it delays the process of deterioration.
Finally, it is possible that nutritional value may be lost during the process of irradiation. Though the expiration period for food may be extended, it is likely that the nutrients would be destroyed. Hence, it is much better to drink fresh milk than to drink irradiated milk that is kept for a longer period of time. ⑥This challenges the idea presented in the reading passage that nutritional losses are rarely found in irradiated food since the vitamins and minerals remain the same while bacteria are successfully removed.
闪光词汇：
storage['stɔrɪdʒ]n.存储;仓库;贮藏所
sterilize['stɛrəlaɪz]vt.消毒，杀菌;使成不毛;使绝育;使不起作用
范文中可以提取出来作为模板的句子：
①The lecturer argues that……
②This directly refutes the reading passage’s claim that……
③This contradicts the reading passage's claim that……
④On top of that, the lecturer contends that……
⑤This rebuts the reading passage’s claim that……
⑥This challenges the idea presented in the reading passage that……
以上就是前程百利小编给大家整理的托福写作真经4的综合写作的部分，希望可以帮助大家更好的备考托福考试。
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