托福综合写作主要是考查将阅读和听力部分的内容，构思综合写作的范文。但是，综合写作并不是简单的语句堆积，还要注意写作的称呼，词汇的使用以及逻辑结构的整理。所以，前程百利小编将从以上三点和大家分析托福综合写作。
一、基本点：
基本称呼：Author，reading passage;
Lecturer, Professor, speaker,
基本反驳词汇： But, However, On the other hand, In contrast, Contrary to, Argument ，According,
基本副词： Completely， Entirely， Directly，
中奖词汇(支持)：Support, Enhance, Uphold, Justify
二、逻辑结构分类及支撑词汇
第一类： R 立论， L反驳
一、定逻辑框架：Challenges/ Deny
The lecturer contradicts(开头显得厚重些) the author’s conclusion that R观点, with challenging the three statements made by the author, respectively.
基本词汇：
The author states/contends/believes /demonstrate/indicates/holds/ that…..
The lecture argues/ opposite this opinion and believes/ contradicts/ casts serious doubt on/ skeptical about the author’s point that
二、论证方法一： 质疑 Lecturer casts serious doubt on the idea that
1. If理论，then there would have to be 相应结论，but there were very few 质疑点。
If hundreds of people were living in the great houses, then there would have to be many fireplaces, where each family did its daily cooking, but there are very few fireplaces.
2. If 理论，why isn’t there 推论?
If the great houses were used for storage, why isn’t there more spilled maize on the floor? Why aren’t there more remains of big containers?
论证方法二：直接反驳 Conclusion is unsupported by evidence/isn’t well supported either
1. The presence 论据doesn’ t prove that conclusion.
The presence of dinosaur fossils in polar region doesn’t prove the dinosaurs were endotherms.
2. That doesn’t necessary mean 论点. There is another explanation for 论点.
That doesn’t necessarily mean dinosaurs were high-energy endotherms built for running. There is another explanation for having legs under the body.
3. ×××× doesn’t have to be / do ××××× to do something. For example ×××××.
A book doesn’t have to be literature to become intellectually stimulating.
4. It shouldn’t assume that 双重否定.
So don’t assume that someone who isn’t reading literature isn’t reading a good book.
论证方法三： 新论据结合假设论证 New evidence indicate the opposite conclusion.
1. Some new evidence that 新论据 exists. 新论据are evidence that conclusion.
2. Evidence has recently surfaced that新论据. Critics thus argue that if×××had really been×××，he would not have needed to ××××.
Evidence has recently surfaced that the Chevalier borrowed considerable sums of money from a Swiss merchant. Critics thus argue that if the Chevalier had really been very rich, he would not have needed to borrow money.
论证方法四：Contradict to Common sense：
1. Lecturer points out that it is impossible to ×××××××;
Critics point out that it is impossible to remember exact phrases from extended conversations held many years earlier.
第二类：R疑问，L回答
一、定逻辑框架：Answer the questions
The lecturer contradicts(开头显得厚重些) the author’s conclusion that R观点, with explain the three doubts made by the author, respectively. Besides he proposes some new evidences to support that 观点。 ( indeed ), then the lecturer prove that ×××××.
基本词汇：
R疑问同上：The author raised doubts about /are skeptical about/ complain that/ point out that it is impossible to / have also questioned 观点;
二、论证方法：
1. New evidence:
(1) It turns out that New evidence，So the original painting is actually conclusion，as would be expected from a Rembrandt painting.
It turns out that when the fur collar was added, the wood panel was enlarged with extra wood pieces glued to the sides and the top to make the painting more grand and more valuable. So the original painting is actually painted on a single piece of wood, as would be expected from a Rembrandt painting.
(2)Once ×××××was done, the original could be seen.
Once the paint of the added fur color was removed, the original could be seen.
(3) The best evidence coming from×××× indicates that ×××××;
The best evidence coming from some old Venetian government documents indicates that soon after the Chevalier escaped from the prison, the ceiling of his old prison room had to be repaired. Why would they need to repair a ceiling unless he had escaped exactly as he said he did.
2. Directly interpret
(1) Evidently 证据
Evidently the Chevalier kept his notes of these conversations for many years and referred to regularly consulted notes and journals when composing the memoir.
第三类： R--A好， L--B好different from
一、逻辑基调：Merits of myself and Demerits of the other;
The lecturer contradicts(开头显得厚重些) the author’s conclusion that R观点, with pointing out the main problems about ×××, respectively. Besides he proposes some advantages greatly outweighing the disadvantages pointed by the author/ some strategies right solving the problems pointed by the author.
二、逻辑论证方法：
1. Point the demerits of the other Only 重要
(1)Hydrogen is not as easily available as the passage indicates. ×××××,论据 ; So hydrogen is not such a practical and easily available substance.
Using hydrogen would not solve the pollution problems associated with cars. 论据;So the factories that generated the hydrogen for the cars would pollute.
2. Problems can be well solved:
(1) One strategy they started using is to××××××, that way you are making sure that 效果;Another strategy that’s being used is to measures in order to 效果;
3. Problems with the other + Solutions of mine: R 中常用
(1) One of the main problems with A is that ××××，加针对性的语言
One of the main problems with the internal-combustion engine is that it relies on petroleum, either in the form of gasoline or diesel fuel.
(2) ××××， on the other hand, ××××××
An unavoidable by-product of burning oil is carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide harms the environment. On the other hand, the only byproduct of fuel-cell engines is water.
(3) Problems with B. However, none of this is possible with A ;
三、特殊用法：
(1) Fuel-cell engines have several advantages over internal-combustion engines and will probably soon replace them.
B have several important problems that make it less valuable than A;
(2) The criticisms in the reading are largely the result of prejudice against and ignorance about how far online encyclopedias have come. That’s a small price to pay for what it does offer.
Some negative consequences of selling fossils have been greatly exaggerated. The benefits of commercial fossil trade greatly outweigh the disadvantages.
以上三点就是分别从称呼，词汇的使用以及特殊结构的构成(逻辑，语序等)来给大家介绍托福综合写作。希望大家能够学习到关于托福写作的内容，取得高分。
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