小伙伴们在托福阅读备考时一定都深有体会：托福阅读绊住我们斗志的不仅仅是晦涩的单词，还有那些句子。而这些令人“纠结”的句子往往第一遍看它不懂，越看越迷惑。更有意思的是，句子里可能没有不认识的单词，或者句子并不是特别长。
小编整理了几句这样的长难句，其实一步一步地分析，就没有所谓的“长难句”了。
1. Most crystalline rocks are much more solid；a common exception is basalt,( a form of solidified volcanic lava), which is sometimes full of tiny bubbles that make it very porous.
纠结原因：which，that傻傻搞不清楚
解析：
难词：
crystalline结晶的
basalt 玄武岩
solidified 使凝固；固化的
porous多孔的
句子类型：同位语+定语从句+that引导的主语从句
句子拆分：
主干：rocks are…；a common exception is…
同位语：a form of solidified volcanic lava== basalt
定语从句：is sometimes full of tiny bubbles，which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是basalt
主语从句：that make it very porous，that引导，先行句which is sometimes full of tiny bubbles
翻译：绝大多数结晶厌食都更加坚固，但玄武岩是个例外，它是一种固化的火山熔浆，有时会遍布小气泡，使其结构呈现多孔状。
2. Saline soils, which have high concentrations of sodium chloride and other salts, limit plant growth, and research continues to focus on developing salt-tolerant varieties of agricultural crops.
纠结原因：小片段太多，成分划分难
解析：
难词：
saline盐的，含盐的
concentrations集中；浓度
句子类型：定语从句
句子拆分：
主干：Saline soils limit plant growth and research continues to focus on…
Which引导的非限制性定语从句：which have high concentrations of sodium chloride and other salts
翻译：有着高浓度氯化钠和其他盐类的含盐土限制了植物生长，同时有研究继续不断开发耐盐农作物。
3. At one time, the animals( present in these fossil beds) were assigned to various modern animal groups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms (that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period), leaving no descendants in modern animal groups
纠结原因：太长，that多
解析：
难词：
paleontologists古生物学者
descendant后裔，子孙；下降的
句子类型：宾语从句+定语从句+结果状语
句子拆分：
主干：the animals were assigned to…,but most paleontologists now agree that…
宾语从句：that all Tommotian fossils represent unique body forms，agree的宾语
定语从句：present in these fossil beds，先行词是 animals
that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared before the end of the period，先行词是body forms
结果状语：leaving no descendants in modern animal groups
翻译：与此同时,这些化石层中的动物曾被归类到各种现代动物群组中，但是大多数古生物学者现在认为所有Tommotian化石都表现出独特的体型，这些体型产生于寒武纪早期并在后期消失，使得在现代动物群组中没有其后代。
4. The better able the person is to reconstruct the perspective from which the material was encoded, the more likely that recall will be successful.
纠结原因：句子短，但就是读不懂
解析：
难词：
reconstruct重造；修复
perspective观点；远景
encode编码
句子类型：定语从句
句子拆分：
主干：The better …the more…
Which引导的定语从句：which the material was encoded，先行词perspective，介词from来自动词encoded
翻译：在资料编码的角度上人们做的越好，对人们回忆起之前的事情越有利。
5. As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting, the Strait of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean now connects to the Atlantic, opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean.
纠结原因：逗号太多
解析：
难词：
crustal地壳的
faulting断层作用；指责
cascade似瀑布落下；小瀑布
spectacular壮观的
句子类型：定语从句
句子拆分：
主干：the Strait of Gibraltar opened and water cascaded
定语从句：where the Mediterranean now connects to the Atlantic
翻译：由于地壳运动和断层作用，在地中海与大西洋连接处的直布罗陀布海峡打开了，水流瀑布般地涌回到地中海。
好了，看了这些长难句和解析，有没有在练习长难句的路上学到些什么呢？小编觉得，在没有坐在考场中之前，还是静下心来试着攻克一个个长难句吧!因为考试时，可没有足够的时间让你一步步解析哦！提前练就看穿长难句的“火眼金晶”才是王道。正好，我们前程百利论坛中有长难句专项训练营哦，来练习吧！
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