托福阅读事实信息题是阅读考试中比较常见的一种题型，tpo则是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。本文带来的是TPO12-3的事实信息题，一起来看看吧。
TPO12-3 Water in the Desert
Paragraph 2：
Arid lands, surprisingly, contain some of the world’s largest river systems, such as the Murray-Darling in Australia, the Rio Grande in North America, the Indus in Asia, and the Nile in Africa. These rivers and river systems are known as "exogenous" because their sources lie outside the arid zone. They are vital for sustaining life in some of the driest parts of the world. For centuries, the annual floods of the Nile. Tigris, and Euphrates, for example, has brought fertile silts and water to the inhabitants of their lower valleys. Today, river discharges are increasingly controlled by human intervention, creating a need for international river-basin agreements. The filling of the Ataturk and other dams in Turkey has drastically reduced flows in the Euphrates, with potentially serious consequences for Syria and Iraq.
4. According to paragraph 2. Which of the following is true of the Nile River?
○ The Nile's flow in its desert sections is at its lowest during the dry season
○ The Nile's sources are located in one of the most arid zones of the world
○ The Nile's annual floods bring fertile silts and water to its lower valley
○ The Nile's periodic flooding hinders the growth of some crops
解析：以Nile做关键词定位至第一句和第四句，第一句中尼罗河只是个例子，所以答案在第四句，说尼罗河泛滥给valley带去silt和water，与C完全一样，所以答案是C
【2】令人惊奇的是，一些世界最大的河系都位于干旱地区，例如澳大利亚的墨累-达令河、北美洲的格兰德河、亚洲的印度河以及非洲的尼罗河。这些河流及河系因为源头位于干旱地区以外而被称为“外流河”。对世界上一些最干旱地区来说，它们哺育生命，意义重大。例如，几个世纪以来，尼罗河、底格里斯河和幼发拉底河每年都会泛滥洪水会为下游低洼地带的居民带来大量肥沃的泥沙和水源。现在，河水流量越来越多的受到人类的干预，因而有必要签署国际性的河流流域协议。阿塔图尔克大坝以及土耳其境内的其它大坝的蓄水极大地减少了幼发拉底河的径流量，可能会给叙利亚和伊拉克带来严重后果。
Paragraph 6：
Groundwater is stored in the pore spaces and joints of rocks and unconsolidated (unsolidified) sediments or in the openings widened through fractures and weathering. The water-saturated rock or sediment is known as an "aquifer". Because they are porous, sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones and conglomerates, are important potential sources of groundwater. Large quantities of water may also be stored in lime stones when joints and cracks have been enlarged to form cavities. Most limestone and sandstone aquifers are deep and extensive but may contain ground waters that are not being recharged. Most shallow aquifers in sand and gravel deposits produce lower yields, but they can be rapidly recharged. Some deep aquifers are known as "fossil waters. The term "fossil" describes water that has been present for several thousand years. These aquifers became saturated more than 10,000 years ago and are no longer being recharged.
8. According to paragraph 6. Which of the following statements about aquifers in deserts is true?
○ Water from limestone and sandstone aquifers is generally better to drink than water from sand and gravel aquifers
○ Sand and gravel aquifers tend to contain less groundwater than limestone or sandstone aquifers
○ Groundwater in deep aquifers is more likely to be recharged than groundwater in shallow aquifers
○ Sedimentary rocks, because they are porous, are not capable of storing large amounts of groundwater
解析：此题用auifer做关键词定位的话可能需要读较多文章，使用排除法较快。A的limestone做关键词定位至第五句，但这句完全没说drink的事儿，所以A错;B的sand and gravel做关键词定位至倒数第四句，说sand and aquifer的产水量低，但更容易recharge，前句说到limestone和sandstone，说明高的是这两种，所以B正确，同时C说反;D的sedimentary rocks做关键词定位至第三句，应该是能储存，选项说反，错
【6】地下水一般贮存于岩石孔隙、节理、松散沉积物或者断裂和风化作用形成的孔洞。饱含水的岩石或沉积物被称为“蓄水层”。因为沉积岩多孔，比如砂岩和砾岩，都是地下水的重要潜在源头。只要节理和裂缝扩大形成容器，石灰岩中也能够储存大量水资源。大部分石灰岩和砂岩蓄水层深广，但是储存的水资源不可再生。大多数沙石中较浅的蓄水层贮水量少，但可以迅速再生。一些深层地下水被称作“化石水”。用“化石”来形容水，这就意味着这些水已经存在了千年之久。这些蓄水层注满水起码已经1万年以上了，而其无法再生。
9. According to paragraph 6. the aquifers called fossil" waters
○ contain fossils that are thousands of years old
○ took more than 10.000 years to become saturated with water
○ have not gained or lost any water for thousands of years
○ have been collecting water for the past 10,000 years
解析：以fossil waters做关键词定位至倒数三句，说含有fossil water的含水层早在千年之前就saturated，不在recharge了，所以答案是C;这句话说10000年前就saturated了，所以B的一万年才变saturated和D的聚集了一万年的水都不对;A完全不靠谱
【6】地下水一般贮存于岩石孔隙、节理、松散沉积物或者断裂和风化作用形成的孔洞。饱含水的岩石或沉积物被称为“蓄水层”。因为沉积岩多孔，比如砂岩和砾岩，都是地下水的重要潜在源头。只要节理和裂缝扩大形成容器，石灰岩中也能够储存大量水资源。大部分石灰岩和砂岩蓄水层深广，但是储存的水资源不可再生。大多数沙石中较浅的蓄水层贮水量少，但可以迅速再生。一些深层地下水被称作“化石水”。用“化石”来形容水，这就意味着这些水已经存在了千年之久。这些蓄水层注满水起码已经1万年以上了，而其无法再生。
Paragraph 7：
Water does not remain immobile in an aquifer but can seep out at springs or leak into other aquifers. The rate of movement may be very slow: in the Indus plain, the movement of saline (salty) ground waters has still not reached equilibrium after 70 years of being tapped. The mineral content of groundwater normally increases with the depth, but even quite shallow aquifers can be highly saline.
11. The passage supports which of the following statements about water in the desert?
○ The most visible forms of water are not the most widespread forms of water in the desert.
○ Groundwater in the desert cannot become a source of drinking water but can be used for irrigation.
○ Most of the water in the desert is contained in shallow aquifers that are being rapidly recharged.
○ Desert areas that lack endogenous or exogenous rivers and streams cannot support life.
解析：问整个passage，所以排除法最好，而且应该关注各段的开头。A的信息在第五段的开头，说沙漠的水量比河流和湖泊大，而河流和湖泊是最常见的水存在的形式，但却不是最多的，所以A正确;B错，原文第三段说到能够灌溉，但没说不能喝，错;C的rapidly recharged明显和第六段第五句不recharge相反;D原文没说
【7】贮存在蓄水层的水并非不流动，而是会通过泉眼渗出或是进入其他蓄水层，可以流动水的比例可能很低：在印度河平原，流动的含盐地下水在开采了70年之后依旧不能达到平衡。正常情况下,地下水的矿物含量随着深度的增加而增加，，但是即使很浅的蓄水层中可能含盐量也很高。
以上就是托福阅读TPO12-3中的事实信息题及其解析，大家可以在备考的时候参考复习，希望能够帮助大家的考前准备。最后前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。
您还可能关注：
