托福阅读事实信息题是阅读考试中比较常见的一种题型，tpo则是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。本文带来的是TPO13-3的事实信息题，一起来看看吧。
TPO13-3 Methods of Studying Infant Perception
Paragraph 4：
Two additional techniques of studying infant perception have come into vogue. The first is the habituation-dishabituation technique, in which a single stimulus is presented repeatedly to the infant until there is a measurable decline (habituation) in whatever attending behavior is being observed. At that point a new stimulus is presented, and any recovery (dishabituation) in responsiveness is recorded. If the infant fails to dishabituate and continues to show habituation with the new stimulus, it is assumed that the baby is unable to perceive the new stimulus as different. The habituation-dishabituation paradigm has been used most extensively with studies of auditory and olfactory perception in infants. The second technique relies on evoked potentials, which are electrical brain responses that may be related to a particular stimulus because of where they originate. Changes in the electrical pattern of the brain indicate that the stimulus is getting through to the infant's central nervous system and eliciting some form of response.
10. According to paragraph 4, which of the following leads to the conclusion that infants are able to differentiate between stimuli in a habituation dishabituation study?
○ Dishabituation occurs with the introduction of a new stimulus.
○ Electrical responses in the infant's brain decline with each new stimulus.
○ Habituation is continued with the introduction of a new stimulus.
○ The infant displays little change in electrical sbrain responses.
解析：本来可以用habituation-dishabituation做关键词的，但发现多次出现，改用动词differentiate，但被替换成形容词different，定位至第四句，说如果婴儿没有显出对新刺激的不适应而继续表现出适应性，就说明他们不能区分，所以答案是A
【4】另外两种研究婴儿感知的技术也逐渐开始流行。第一种是习惯与非习惯技术：给婴儿反复展示一种单一的刺激，直到观察到婴儿对这一刺激形成习惯并出现可测量的减弱(习惯性)。接着当出现一种新的刺激时，任何反应的恢复也都会被记录下来(非习惯性)。如果婴儿对新刺激没有不习惯而是继续表现出习惯性，那么我们就可以推测婴儿没有办法识别出新的刺激有什么不同。这种习惯与非习惯的技术在婴儿的听觉与嗅觉感知能力的研究上广泛运用。第二种技术基于诱发电位，大脑的弱电反应可能因其起源而与特定刺激有关系。脑电图发生变化意味着刺激通过婴儿的中枢神经系统，引起某种形式的反应。
Paragraph 5
Each of the preceding techniques provides the researcher with evidence that the infant can detect or discriminate between stimuli. With these sophisticated observational assessment and electro physiological measures, we know that the neonate of only a few days is far more perceptive than previously suspected. However, these measures are only "indirect" indicators of the infant's perceptual abilities.
12. Paragraph 5 indicates that researchers who used the techniques described in the passage discovered that
○ infants find it difficult to perceive some types of stimuli
○ neonates of only a few days cannot yet discriminate between stimuli
○ observational assessment is less useful for studying infant perception than researchers previously believed
○ a neonate is able to perceive stimuli better than researchers once thought
解析：原文很短，可以快速扫过，问题问得出什么结论，本段第二句说我们发现仅仅出生几天的新生儿比我们以前认为的更perceptive，也就是能感受到更多东西，所以答案是C
【5】上述每种技术都可以给研究者提供证据，证明婴儿能够探知或辨别刺激。通过这些复杂的观察评估和电生理学的测量，我们知道刚出生几天的新生儿的感知能力超乎我们的想象。然而，这些测量也都仅仅是婴儿感知能力的“间接”指标。
以上就是托福阅读TPO13-3中的事实信息题及其解析，大家可以在备考的时候参考复习，希望能够帮助大家的考前准备。最后前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。
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