托福阅读否定事实信息题是阅读考试十大题型之一，通常每篇阅读中都会出现;tpo是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的否定事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。本文带来的是TPO14-1的否定事实信息题，一起来看看吧。
TPO14-1 Children and Advertising
Paragraph 1
Young children are trusting of commercial advertisements in the media, and advertisers have sometimes been accused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook. The Independent Television Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for "misleadingness'—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.
1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as being a difficult judgment for children to make about advertised toys?
○ How big the toys are
○ How much the toys cost
○ What the toys can do
○ How the toys are made
解析：EXCEPT题，排除法，所有答案都集中在最后一句，A的big对应size，正确，不选;B的cost没有对应，错，选;C的do对应performance，正确，不选;D的made对应construction，正确，不选
[1]儿童信任媒体中的商业广告，可是广告商们有时会因利用这种信任常常受到指责。调控英国电视广告的独立电视委员会批评广告商们的误导作用——有意或无意地给人一种错误印象,努力控制广告商们利用技巧，因为技术处理之后的广告会使得儿童很难判断玩具的真实尺寸、功能、外观和构造。
TPO14-1 Children and Advertising
Paragraph 2
General concern about misleading tactics that advertisers employ is centered on the use of exaggeration. Consumer protection groups and parents believe that children are largely ill-equipped to recognize such techniques and that often exaggeration is used at the expense of product information. Claims such as "the best” or “better than" can be subjective and misleading; even adults may be unsure as to their meaning. They represent the advertiser's opinions about the qualities of their products or brand and, as a consequence, are difficult to verify. Advertisers sometimes offset or counterbalance an exaggerated claim with a disclaimer—a qualification or condition on the claim. For example, the claim that breakfast cereal has a health benefit may be accompanied by the disclaimer "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast.” However, research has shown that children often have difficulty understanding disclaimers: children may interpret the phrase “when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast" to mean that the cereal is required as a necessary part of a balanced breakfast. The author George Comstock suggested that less than a quarter of children between the ages of six and eight years old understood standard disclaimers used in many toy advertisements and that disclaimers are more readily comprehended when presented in both audio and visual formats. Nevertheless, disclaimers are mainly presented in audio format only.
5. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of disclaimers made in advertisements EXCEPT:
○ They are qualifications or conditions put on a claim.
○ They may be used to balance exaggerations.
○ They are usually presented in both audio and visual formats.
○ They are often difficult for children to understand.
解析：这道EXCEPT题用正选法明显更快。以disclaimer做关键词定位至第五句，答案A和B在第五句出现，都正确，不选;答案D在第七句(however句)中出现，所以正确，不选;C答案原文没说，错，选
[2]人们普遍担心广告商夸大其词的误导策略。消费者保护组织和家长们认为大部分孩子不具备识别这种手段的能力，而且他们认为这种夸大其词掩盖了相关产品信息。声称产品 “最好”或“好于其他产品”都是主观性强且容易产生误导即使是成年人可能也很难判别。广告语代表了广告商们对他们产品或品牌的看法，因此，这很难验证。广告商有时会通过补偿或者免责的形式来平衡夸大的说辞。举个例子，称早餐食用谷物食品对健康是有益的广告可能会附带一个免责声明“前提是早餐营养要均衡”。然而，研究发现儿童很难理解这类免责声明：儿童会将“前提是早餐营养要均衡”理解为谷类食物是均衡早餐营养的必需成份。作者George Comstock指出，六到八岁的儿童中能够理解大多数玩具广告的免责声明的不到四分之一。同时他也指出，如果免责声明以声音和视觉的形式同时呈现时就容易被理解。然而，它们多是以声音的形式出现。
以上就是托福阅读TPO14-1中的否定事实信息题及其解析，大家可以在备考的时候参考复习，希望能够帮助大家的考前准备。最后前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。
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