托福阅读否定事实信息题是阅读考试十大题型之一，通常每篇阅读中都会出现;tpo是托福阅读备考最权威的材料，所以托福小编综合二者，为大家集中整理了tpo阅读中考察的否定事实信息题及其对应的解析，供大家参考使用。本文带来的是TPO21-2的否定事实信息题，一起来看看吧。
TPO21-2 the origins of agriculture
Paragraph 1
How did it come about that farming developed independently in a number of world centers (the southeast Asian mainland, Southwest Asia, Central America, lowland and highland South America, and equatorial Africa) at more or less the same time? Agriculture developed slowly among populations that had an extensive knowledge of plants and animals. Changing from hunting and gathering to agriculture had no immediate advantages. To start with, it forced the population to abandon the nomad’s life and become sedentary, to develop methods of storage and, often, systems of irrigation. While hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elsewhere when the resources were exhausted, this became more difficult with farming. Furthermore, as the archaeological record shows, the state of health of agriculturalists was worse than that of their contemporary hunter-gatherers.
2. According to paragraph 1, all of the following are advantages of hunting and gathering over agriculture EXCEPT:
A It is healthier lifestyle.
B It requires less knowledge of plants and animals.
C It does not need storage capabilities.
D It is not tied to any specific location.
解析：EXCEPT题，排除法。A的healthier lifestyle做关键词定位至最后一句，说游牧生活更健康，所以A对，不选;B的knowledge of plants and animals做关键词定位至第二句，原文说在knowledge比较丰富的人们当中农业发展起来，但MS不能凭这个推出游牧生活的人知识就少，所以B错，选;C的storage做关键词定位至第四句，说农业需要develop storage method，所以游牧民族storage能力不那么好，C对，不选;D的specific location定位至倒数第二句，而且根据上题的答案，这个明显对，不选
[1]农业是如何独立的在多个世界中心(东南亚大陆、西南亚、中美洲、南美的高地与低地以及赤道非洲地区)几乎同时发展起来的呢?在那些熟知动植物的人中农业发展得相当缓慢。从狩猎和采集转变为农耕并没有显而易见的好处。首先，它会迫使人们放弃游牧生活并定居下来，发明贮存方法和通常所需的灌溉系统。采集狩猎者往往可以选择在资源耗尽的时候迁到他处，对于耕作者来说就没这么容易。而且，考古学记录显示，农民的健康状况要比同时代的采集狩猎者差。
Paragraph 5
It is archaeologist Steven Mithen ’s thesis, brilliantly developed in his book The prehistory of the Mind (1996),that approximately 40,000 years ago the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity. Cognitive fluidity explains the appearance of art, religion, and sophisticated speech. Once humans possessed such a mind, they were able to find an imaginative solution to a situation of severe economic crisis such as the farming dilemma described earlier. Mithen proposes the existence of four mental elements to account for the emergence of farming (1) the ability to develop tools that could be used intensively to harvest and process plant resources;(2) the tendency to use plants and animals as the medium to acquire social prestige and power;(3) the tendency to develop “social relationships” with animals structurally similar to those developed with people –specifically, the ability to think of animals as people (anthropomorphism) and of people as animals (totemism); and (4) the tendency to manipulate plants and animals.
10 According to paragraph 5, Steven Mithen believes that all of the following contributed to the emergence of farming EXCEPT
A The development of a mind flexible enough to come up with solutions to complex problems
B The tendency to use plants and animals to acquire power
C The tendency to emphasize the differences between animals and people
D The ability to make tools that could be used for the large-scale harvesting of plants
解析：EXCEPT题，排除法。A的solutions做关键词定位至第三句，说有解决问题的mind，所以A对，不选;B的plants and animals和power做关键词定位至三点钟的第二点，B正确，不选;C的difference原文没说，所以C错，选;D的tools做关键词定位至三点中的第一点，所以D对，不选
[5]考古学家斯蒂文•米森有一个观点，这在他的《思维的史前史》一书中有精彩的阐述，该观点认为约在40000年前，人类的思维形成了认知流动性，即对各种特化的思维加以整合：技术史、博物学(以理解自然资源的行为和分布)、社交智能以及语言能力。认识流动性解释了艺术、宗教以及复杂演讲的出现。一旦人类拥有了这样的思维，他们就可以找到创造性方法来解决严重的经济危机，例如先前所述的农业困境。米森提出存在四种可以解释农业起源的心理因素：(1)打造集中用于收割以及加工植物资源的工具的能力;(2)将动植物作为获取社会声望和权力的手段的趋势;(3)与动物发展出与人类结构相似的“社会关系”的趋势——具体说就把动物当做人(神人同形同性论)以及把人当做动物(图腾崇拜);(4)驯化动植物的趋势。
以上就是托福阅读TPO21-2中的否定事实信息题及其解析，大家可以在备考的时候参考复习，希望能够帮助大家的考前准备。最后前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。
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