托福阅读笔记。说到托福阅读备考，TPO是必不可少的备考神器，通过TPO练习来更好的适应阅读考试的节奏。本文小编带来的是TPO21 Geothermal Energy的学习笔记，希望能够与正在备考的大家一起进步。
TPO21 Geothermal Energy
文章题材：自然学科——地热能
常见词汇：
abundant [ə'bʌndənt] adj. 丰富的，充裕的
permit ['pə:mit,pə'mit] n. 许可证，执照v. 允许，许可
internal [in'tə:nəl] adj. 国内的，内在的，身体内部的
enormous [i'nɔ:məs] adj. 巨大的，庞大的
exploit [iks'plɔit] vt. 剥削，利用，开拓，开采，开发
drift [drift] vi. 漂流，漂移，漂泊，吹积，偏离
escape [is'keip] v. 逃跑，逃脱，避开n. 逃跑，逃脱，(逃
disposal [dis'pəuzəl] n. 处理，处置，布置，配置n. 垃圾
potential [pə'tenʃəl] adj. 可能的，潜在的n. 潜力，潜能
reservoir ['rezəvwɑ:] n. 水库，蓄水池，积蓄，储藏
易错题解析：
Paragraph 1: Earth's internal heat, fueled by radioactivity, provides the energy for plate tectonics and continental drift, mountain building, and earthquakes. It can also be harnessed to drive electric generators and heat homes. Geothermal energy becomes available in a practical form when underground heat is transferred by water that is heated as it passes through a subsurface region of hot rocks (a heat reservoir) that may be hundreds or thousands of feet deep. The water is usually naturally occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.
1. According to the processes described in paragraph 1, what is the relationship between radioactivity and the steam produced by geothermal heat?
O Geothermally heated steam is produced when water is exposed to radioactivity deep underground.
O When water is introduced into holes drilled thousands of feet in the ground, it becomes radioactive and turns to steam.
O Radioactivity heats Earth's interior rock, which in turn can heat water to the point it becomes steam.
O When a reservoir of steam in subsurface rock is produced by radioactivity, it is said to be geothermally heated.
题型：事实信息题。答案是(C)
解析：题干关键词为the relationship between radioactivity and the steam produced by geothermal heat;根据关键词回归原文定位到第一句，再加上段中的句子Geothermal energy becomes available in a practical form when underground heat is transferred by water that is heated as it passes through a subsurface region of hot rocks (a heat reservoir) that may be hundreds or thousands of feet deep.所以可以知道地球内部因放射产生的热量使水流在流经地表下可能深达几百甚至几千英尺处的热岩区域时(一种热储)被加热，通过为了采集地热能所钻的孔，这些水会以液体或蒸汽的形式被带到地表。所以他们之间的关系就是放射使岩石加热，岩石再热传递给流经它们的水，然后热水变成水蒸气，从钻孔中流出。所以正确答案是C。
易错选项：(D)。
Earth's internal heat, fueled by radioactivity, provides the energy for plate tectonics and continental drift, mountain building, and earthquakes. It can also be harnessed to drive electric generators and heat homes. Geothermal energy becomes available in a practical form when underground heat is transferred by water that is heated as it passes through a subsurface region of hot rocks (a heat reservoir) that may be hundreds or thousands of feet deep. ■The water is usually naturally occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. ■The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.■
By far the most abundant form of geothermal energy occurs at the relatively low temperatures of 80° to 180° centigrade. ■Water circulated through heat reservoirs in this temperature range is able to extract enough heat to warm residential, commercial, and industrial spaces. More than 20,000 apartments in France are now heated by warm underground water drawn from a heat reservoir in a geologic structure near Paris called the Paris Basin. Iceland sits on a volcanic structure known as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is entirely heated by geothermal energy derived from volcanic heat.
13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
In either case, the heated water will usually be under considerable pressure, and so may have a temperature that is well above its sea-level boiling point of 100° centigrade.
Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.
题型：句子插入题。答案是(B)
解析：关键词为In either case,所以前文肯定涉及过两种情形。回归原文发现The water is usually naturally occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface.正是either所涉及的两种情形。而且插入句的内容和上下句联系也很紧密，considerable pressure对应前句的the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. 少数情况下是人为从地表泵入的水，而地表泵产生的是压力正是considerable pressure。boiling point of 100° centigrade对应的是下句的The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.是100摄氏度的水蒸气被带到了地表。所以插到B处非常合适。
以上就是小编带来的托福阅读笔记之TPO21 Geothermal Energy,希望能够和备考的大家一起学习。更多托福考试资讯请关注前程百利。
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