想要在托福阅读考试中获得高分，平时就要多阅读一些英语类的文章，不断提高理解能力，增加背景知识。今天小编为大家带来的是一篇关于“超导材料”的托福阅读文章，并对文章进行了详细的分析，大家一起来学习一下吧。
内容提要：
1. 背景介绍
2. 文章分析
3. 题目讲解
4. 词汇复习
1. 背景介绍
超导陶瓷
| 特性 | 零阻现象 | 抗磁性 |
| 用途 |
用于输配电 制造超导线圈 形成永久电流 制造超导磁悬浮列车 高速无噪声 |
高能物理 环保 医药 |
2. 文章分析
The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science-once the least sexy technology-is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.
But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science. The key to the new materials is researchers' increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level.
Ceramics, for example, have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel.
A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.
A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High -strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass.
Besides, composites plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds-made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat: a helmet saved an infantryman's life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.
Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.
But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.
3. 题目讲解
(1)修辞目的题
常见的三种修辞目的：驳斥、解释说明、对比。
Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?
A. To compare them with the new materials.
B. To explain his view point.
C. To compare the new materials to them.
D. To show the significance of the new materials in the future world.
这道题问的是作者为什么会提到遗传工程和计算机科学?A选项(是为了把它们和新材料作对比)错误，原文说的是“它们会像遗传工程和计算机科学一样构成世界的一部分”，没有将两者进行对比;B选项(为了解释作者的观点)没有说清楚具体解释什么观点;C选项(把新材料比作遗传工程和计算机科学)和A选项犯的是同样的错误;D选项(为了揭示超导材料在将来社会中的重要性)正确，超导材料和遗传工程、计算机一样发挥着重要的作用。因此，这道题的正确答案是D选项。
(2)事实信息题
① Why is transition difficult?
A. Because it takes 10 years.
B. Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.
C. Because research on new materials is very difficult.
D. Because transition requires money and time.
解析：这道题问的是为什么这一转变过程十分困难，对应原文中的“And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment.”A选项(因为需要花费十年的时间)不正确，因为原文仅仅说了需要长时间的研究和调查，并没有提及具体的数字;B选项(因为制造商不愿意去改变他们的设备)在原文中没有提及;C选项(因为对新材料的研究很困难)虽然也提到了“research”，但和原文的说法是有差异的，原文说的是长时间的调查和研究;D选项(因为这一转变需要时间和金钱)正确，和原文信息相符。因此，这道题的正确答案就是D选项。
② Where lies success of a country in the New Age of super stuff?
A. It lies in research.
B. It lies in investment.
C. It lies in innovation.
D. It lies in application.
解析：这道题问的是国家在新的超导时期的成功取决于什么?文章结尾提到了这样的内容：“It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.”即商业化决定了国家未来的成败。商业化也就是把超导材料变成一种商品，这不就是一种应用吗?对应D选项。因此这道题的正确答案就是D选项。
③ How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
解析：这道题问的是文章一共提到了几种新材料。通过阅读，我们会发现，文章一共提到了三种新材料，它们分别是：ceramics，plastics，glass。正确答案是B选项。
4. 词汇复习
1) exotic奇异的，外来的
2) ceramic陶瓷
3) artificial人工的
4) epoch纪元，时代
5) manipulate熟练操作
6) molecular分子的
7) brittle脆的
8) overtake超过
9) microscopic微小的
10) Karate空手道
11) polymer聚合物
12) rotor旋转体，叶轮
13) transparent透明的
14) pane窗玻璃
15) commercialization商业化
以上就是小编为大家带来的英语阅读文章分析，希望能给考生的学习带来帮助。最后，小编祝愿各位考生在托福考试中取得好成绩!
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