想要在托福阅读考试中获得高分，平时就要多阅读一些英语类的文章，不断提高理解能力，增加背景知识。今天小编为大家带来的是一篇关于“数学科学”的托福阅读文章，并对文章进行了详细的分析，大家一起来学习一下吧。
内容提要：
1. 词汇学习
2. 文章分析
3. 语法讲解
1. 词汇学习
1)inductive归纳的
引申：演绎的——deductive
inductive/ deductive method
2)Culmination顶点，最高潮
联想：peak——顶峰;山顶
造句：Most athletes have reached their peak by the time they are 20.
3)civilization文明，开化
联想：civilized文明的，开化的
造句：Such things should not be allowed to happen in a civilized society.
引申：civilized心平气和的，有礼貌的
造句：Let's try and be civilized about this, shall we?
4)conversant熟悉的，通晓的
搭配：be conversant with sth.
造句：I am totally conversant with all the rules.
5)arrested development受到遏制的发展
联想：arrest逮捕，拘捕;阻止
arrest one's attention引起某人的注意
6)ascribe…to…把……归因于……
造句：They ascribe the country's difficulties to the government's policy.
联想1：attribute…to…
The fall of death rate was attributed to the improvement in diet.
联想2：contribute to…促成
The improvement in diet contributes to the fall of death rate.
7)conjunction结合
搭配：in conjunction with
The worksheets are designed to be used in conjunction with the book.
8)omnipotence万能，全能
记忆：omni-(一切，到处，全部)+potence(能力，潜能)=omnipotence
联想1：omniscient无所不知的
联想2：omnipresent无所不在的
9)Providence上帝
联想：provident顾及未来的，深谋远虑的
10)save/saving除……之外
造句：I agree with you, save that you've got one or two details wrong.
11)commonplace平常的，不足为奇的/平常事，司空见惯的事
12)inquiry调查，询问
联想1：inquire调查，询问，打听
联想2：require要求，需要
联想3：acquire获得，学到
13)evident明显的，明白的
联想1：evidence证据，证明
搭配1：be in evidence显眼，引人注目
造句：The volcano is still active as evidenced by the recent eruption.
14)verification确认，查实
联想：verify查证，核实
搭配：verify sth. with sb.
造句：These details must be verified with the Home Office.
15)afford给予，提供
造句：The windows afford a beautiful view out over the city.
2. 文章分析
Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?
3. 语法讲解
(1)非限制性定语从句
标志：逗号
注意：不可以用that引导
例句：Earlier, people attempted to map the world, but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc, rather than a sphere, which was the form adopted by Ptolemy.
(2)强调句型
标志：It is+被强调部分+who+that
例句：Was it in the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this modern phenomenon had its origin?
句式：It was in A or B that C had its origin.
(3)同位语从句
作用：解释说明，相当于名词
同位语从句vs.定语从句
He made a promise that he will never leave her.
He made a promise that makes her quite happy.
以上就是小编为大家带来的英语阅读文章分析，希望能给考生的学习带来帮助。最后，小编祝愿各位考生在托福考试中取得好成绩!
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